Early Alzheimer’s may boost sociability; AI can scan old CTs to flag hidden heart risks; obesity breathing disorder may be treatable with an existing drug – Morning Medical Update

Early Alzheimer’s may boost sociability

In a surprising twist on conventional thinking, a new UCSF and Boston University study suggests that people genetically predisposed to Alzheimer’s disease may actually become more socially active in the earliest stages of the illness. Analyzing data from half a million middle-aged adults in the UK Biobank, researchers found those at higher genetic risk for Alzheimer’s reported fewer feelings of isolation, more diverse social activities and stronger family ties. The findings, published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, challenge the belief that early Alzheimer’s leads to withdrawal — and could point to subtle behavioral changes that emerge long before memory loss.

AI can scan old CTs to flag hidden heart risks

A new deep learning tool developed by Mass General Brigham and the VA health system can detect hidden signs of heart disease in previously collected chest CT scans, even when those scans weren’t designed to check the heart. Published in NEJM AI, the AI-CAC algorithm accurately identified coronary artery calcium — a key predictor of heart attack and mortality risk — in routine, nongated scans. Tested on over 8,000 scans, the tool predicted 10-year death risk and identified patients who would benefit from cholesterol-lowering treatment.

Obesity breathing disorder may be treatable with an existing drug

Researchers at George Washington University have found that the FDA-approved obesity drug setmelanotide could help treat Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS) — a life-threatening breathing disorder linked to severe obesity. In a mouse study published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation, a single dose of setmelanotide improved respiratory function and carbon dioxide response. The drug targets MC4R neurons in the brain, which appear to control both metabolism and breathing. The findings suggest a new therapeutic pathway for millions with OHS, who often find little relief with standard CPAP or BiPAP therapy.